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      Between Operator

      MySQL Tutorial

      This SQL tutorial is structured for beginners to guide them from the foundational concepts to advanced data manipulation and querying techniques in SQL. By the end of this tutorial, you will have developed a robust understanding of SQL, equipping you with the knowledge to efficiently manage and analyze data across various database systems. This guide sets the stage for your growth into a skilled data professional, ready to tackle complex data challenges and contribute to the field of data analysis and database management.

      Between Operator

      MySQL Between Operator

      The BETWEEN operator in MySQL is a logical operator provided by SQL, that is used to restrict the range from which the data values are to be retrieved. The retrieved values can be integers, characters, or dates.
      You can use BETWEEN operator to replace a combination of “greater than equal AND less than equal” conditions.
      Let us understand in a better way by using the following example table
      

      Syntax

      Following is the syntax of the BETWEEN operator in MySQL
      SELECT column_name(s)
      FROM table_name
      WHERE column_name BETWEEN value1 AND value2;
      Here,
      • value1 is the beginning value of the range.
      • value2 is the ending value of the range (inclusive).

      Example

      First of all, let us create a table named CUSTOMERS using the following query
      CREATE TABLE CUSTOMERS (
      ID INT NOT NULL,
      NAME VARCHAR (20) NOT NULL,
      AGE INT NOT NULL,
      ADDRESS CHAR (25),
      SALARY DECIMAL (18, 2),
      PRIMARY KEY (ID)
      );
      Let us insert some values into this table using the following INSERT query
      INSERT INTO CUSTOMERS VALUES
      (1, 'Ramesh', 32, 'Ahmedabad', 2000.00 ),
      (2, 'Khilan', 25, 'Delhi', 1500.00 ),
      (3, 'Kaushik', 23, 'Kota', 2000.00 ),
      (4, 'Chaitali', 25, 'Mumbai', 6500.00 ),
      (5, 'Hardik', 27, 'Bhopal', 8500.00 ),
      (6, 'Komal', 22, 'Hyderabad', 4500.00 ),
      (7, 'Muffy', 24, 'Indore', 10000.00 );
      The table created is as follows
      ID
      NAME
      AGE
      ADDRESS
      SALARY
      1
      Ramesh
      32
      Ahmedabad
      2000.00
      2
      Khilan
      25
      Delhi
      1500.00
      3
      Kaushik
      23
      Kota
      2000.00
      4
      Chaitali
      25
      Mumbai
      6500.00
      5
      Hardik
      27
      Bhopal
      8500.00
      6
      Komal
      22
      Hyderabad
      4500.00
      7
      Muffy
      24
      Indore
      10000.00
      Now, we are using the BETWEEN operator to retrieve the details of the CUSTOMERS whose AGE (numeric data) is between 20 and 25
      SELECT * FROM CUSTOMERS
      WHERE AGE BETWEEN 20 AND 25;

      Output

      When we execute the above query, the output is obtained as follows
      ID
      NAME
      AGE
      ADDRESS
      SALARY
      2
      Khilan
      25
      Delhi
      1500.00
      3
      Kaushik
      23
      Kota
      2000.00
      4
      Chaitali
      25
      Mumbai
      6500.00
      6
      Komal
      22
      Hyderabad
      4500.00
      7
      Muffy
      24
      Indore
      10000.00

      MySQL BETWEEN with IN Operator

      The BETWEEN operator and the IN operator can be used together in a MySQL query, to select values that are within a specified range and also match with specified values.

      Syntax

      Following is the syntax of the BETWEEN operator in MySQL
      SELECT column_name(s)
      FROM table_name
      WHERE column_name BETWEEN value1 AND value2
      AND column_name IN (list_of_values);

      Example

      In this example, we are selecting all the customers whose salary is between 4000 and 10000. In addition; we are only retrieving the customers who are living in MP and Bhopal using IN operator in SQL.
      SELECT * FROM CUSTOMERS
      WHERE SALARY BETWEEN 4000 AND 10000
      AND ADDRESS IN ('Hyderabad', 'Bhopal');

      Output

      The following is obtained
      ID
      NAME
      AGE
      ADDRESS
      SALARY
      5
      Hardik
      27
      Bhopal
      8500.00
      6
      Komal
      22
      Hyderabad
      4500.00

      MySQL BETWEEN with UPDATE statement

      The UPDATE statement in MySQL is used to modify existing data in a database table. Using the BETWEEN operator in an UPDATE statement to update values within the specified range.

      Example

      Let us update the salaries of the customers whose age lies between 25 to 30 using the following query
      UPDATE CUSTOMERS
      SET SALARY = 10000
      WHERE AGE BETWEEN 20 AND 25;

      Verification

      Let us verify whether the salaries are updated or not using the following query
      ID
      NAME
      AGE
      ADDRESS
      SALARY
      1
      Ramesh
      32
      Ahmedabad
      2000.00
      2
      Khilan
      25
      Delhi
      10000.00
      3
      Kaushik
      23
      Kota
      10000.00
      4
      Chaitali
      25
      Mumbai
      10000.00
      5
      Hardik
      27
      Bhopal
      8500.00
      6
      Komal
      22
      Hyderabad
      10000.00
      7
      Muffy
      24
      Indore
      10000.00

      BETWEEN operator with DELETE statement

      We can also use the BETWEEN operator in a DELETE statement to delete rows within a specified range.

      Example

      Now, let us delete the customers whose age is between 18 and 20 using the DELETE command.
      DELETE FROM CUSTOMERS
      WHERE AGE BETWEEN 20 AND 22;

      Verification

      Let us verify whether the specified aged employees are deleted or not using the following query
      ID
      NAME
      AGE
      ADDRESS
      SALARY
      1
      Ramesh
      32
      Ahmedabad
      2000.00
      2
      Khilan
      25
      Delhi
      1500.00
      3
      Kaushik
      23
      Kota
      2000.00
      4
      Chaitali
      25
      Mumbai
      6500.00
      5
      Hardik
      27
      Bhopal
      8500.00
      7
      Muffy
      24
      Indore
      10000.00

      MySQL NOT BETWEEN Operator

      The NOT BETWEEN operator in MySQL is a negation of the BETWEEN operator. This is used to retrieve the data which is not present in the specified range or time interval.

      Syntax

      Following is the syntax of the NOT BETWEEN operator in MySQL
      SELECT column_name(s)
      FROM table_name
      WHERE column_name NOT BETWEEN value1 AND value2;

      Example

      Consider the CUSTOMERS table to retrieve the details of customers whose age is not between 20 and 25 (numeric data) using the following query.
      SELECT * FROM CUSTOMERS
      WHERE AGE NOT BETWEEN 20 AND 25;

      Output

      Following is the output
      ID
      NAME
      AGE
      ADDRESS
      SALARY
      1
      Ramesh
      32
      Ahmedabad
      2000.00
      5
      Hardik
      27
      Bhopal
      8500.00

      NOT BETWEEN operator with IN operator

      Like the BETWEEN operator, we can also use the NOT BETWEEN operator in combination with the IN operator. This is to select values that fall outside a range and also do not match with the specified values.

      Example

      In the following query, we are selecting the customers whose salary is NOT between 1000 and 5000. In addition; we are not retrieving the employees who are living in Bhopal using IN operator in SQL.
      SELECT * FROM CUSTOMERS
      WHERE SALARY NOT BETWEEN 1000 AND 5000
      AND ADDRESS NOT IN ('Bhopal');

      Output

      Following is the output
      ID
      NAME
      AGE
      ADDRESS
      SALARY
      4
      Chaitali
      25
      Mumbai
      6500.00
      7
      Muffy
      24
      Indore
      10000.00

      Between Operator Using Client Program

      We can also apply the BETWEEN operator on a MySQL table using a client program.

      Syntax

      Following are the syntaxes of the Between Operator in MySQL table in various programming languages
      PHPNodeJSJavaPython
      To execute the Between Operator in MySQL through a PHP program, we need to execute the SQL query with BETWEEN statement using the mysqli function named query() as
      $sql = "SELECT column1, column2, ... FROM table_name
      WHERE column_name BETWEEN value1 AND value2";
      $mysqli->query($sql);

      Example

      Following are the implementations of this operation in various programming languages
      PHPNodeJSJavaPython
      $dbhost = 'localhost';
      $dbuser = 'root';
      $dbpass = 'password';
      $dbname = 'TUTORIALS';
      $mysqli = new mysqli($dbhost, $dbuser, $dbpass, $dbname);
      if($mysqli->connect_errno ) {
      printf("Connect failed: %s", $mysqli->connect_error);
      exit();
      }
      //printf('Connected successfully.');
      $sql = "SELECT * FROM CUSTOMERS WHERE SALARY BETWEEN 4000 AND 10000";
      $result = $mysqli->query($sql);
      if ($result->num_rows > 0) {
      printf("Table records: \n");
      while($row = $result->fetch_assoc()) {
      printf("Id %d, Name: %s, Age: %d, Address %s, Salary %f",
      $row["ID"],
      $row["NAME"],
      $row["AGE"],
      $row["ADDRESS"],
      $row["SALARY"]);
      printf("\n");
      }
      } else {
      printf('No record found.');
      }
      mysqli_free_result($result);
      $mysqli->close()

      Output

      The output obtained is as follows
      Table records:
      Id 5, Name: Hardik, Age: 27, Address Vishakapatnam, Salary 8500.000000
      Id 6, Name: Komal, Age: 0, Address Vishakapatnam, Salary 4500.000000
      Id 7, Name: Muffy, Age: 24, Address , Salary 10000.000000