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      Anonymous Classes

      Java Tutorial

      This Java tutorial is tailored for newcomers, offering a journey from basic principles to complex Java programming techniques. Completing this tutorial equips you with a solid understanding of Java, preparing you for advanced learning. You'll emerge ready to tackle the challenges of becoming a top-tier software engineer, with the skills to innovate and excel in the vast world of software development.

      Anonymous Class

      Java Anonymous Class

      An anonymous class in Java is an inner class which is declared without any class name at all. In other words, a nameless inner class in Java is called an anonymous inner class. Since it does not have a name, it cannot have a constructor because we know that a constructor name is the same as the class name.

      Use of Java Anonymous Inner Classes

      Anonymous inner classes are used when you want to create a simple class that is needed for one time only for a specific purpose. For example, implementing an interface or extending a class.

      Defining Anonymous Class in Java

      You can define an anonymous inner class and create its object using the new operator at the same time in one step.

      Syntax

      The syntax of anonymous nested class is as follows 
      new(argument-list){
         // Anonymous class body
      }

      Types of Anonymous Inner Classes in Java

      • Anonymous inner class that extends a class
      • Anonymous inner class that implements an interface
      • Anonymous inner class as an argument

      1. Anonymous inner class that extends a class

      You can use an anonymous inner class to extend a class in Java.

      Example: Anonymous inner class that extends a class

      In the following example,we're using a new keyword to create an object of the anonymous inner class that has a reference of parent class type.
      package com.tutorialspoint;
      
      class Car {
         public void engineType() {
            System.out.println("Turbo Engine");
         }
      }
      public class Tester {
         public static void main(String args[]) {
            Car c1 = new Car();
            c1.engineType();
            Car c2 = new Car() {
               @Override
               public void engineType() {
                  System.out.println("V2 Engine");
               }
            };
            c2.engineType();
         }
      }
      Output
      If you compile and execute the above program, you will get the following result 
      Turbo Engine
      V2 Engine

      2. Anonymous inner class that implements an interface

      You can use an anonymous inner class to implement an interface in Java.

      Example: Anonymous inner class that implements an interface

      In the following example,we're using a new keyword to create an object of the anonymous inner class that has a reference of an interface type.
      package com.tutorialspoint;
      
      interface Software {
         public void develop();
      }
      public class Tester {
         public static void main(String args[]) {
            Software s = new Software() {
               @Override
               public void develop() {
                  System.out.println("Software Developed in Java");
               }
            };
            s.develop();
            System.out.println(s.getClass().getName());
         }
      }
      Output
      If you compile and execute the above program, you will get the following result 
      Software Developed in Java
      com.tutorialspoint.Tester$1

      3. Anonymous inner class as an argument

      We can use the anonymous inner class as an argument so that it can be passed to methods or constructors.

      Example: Anonymous inner class as an argument

      In the following example,we're passing an anonymous inner class as an argument to one method.
      package com.tutorialspoint;
      
      abstract class Engine {
         public abstract void engineType();
      }
      class Vehicle {
         public void transport(Engine e) {
            e.engineType();
         }
      }
      public class Tester {
         public static void main(String args[]) {
            Vehicle v = new Vehicle();
            v.transport(new Engine() {
               @Override
               public void engineType() {
                  System.out.println("Turbo Engine");
               }
            });
         }
      }
      Output
      If you compile and execute the above program, you will get the following result −
      Turbo Engine