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      Control FlowBreak StatementContinue StatementPass StatementNested LoopsDecision MakingIf StatementIf-else StatementNested IF StatementMatch-Case StatementLoopsFor LoopsFor-else LoopsWhile Loops

      FunctionsBuilt-in FunctionsDefault ArgumentsKeyword ArgumentsKeyword-Only ArgumentsPositional ArgumentsPositional-Only ArgumentsArbitrary ArgumentsVariable ScopeFunction AnnotationsModules

      StringSlicing StringsModify StringsString ConcatenationString FormattingEscape CharactersString MethodsString Exercises

      ListsList ExercisesAccess List ItemsChange List ItemsAdd List ItemsRemove List ItemsLoop ListsList ComprehensionSort ListsCopy ListsJoin ListsList Methods

      TuplesAccess Tuple ItemsUpdate TuplesUnpack Tuple ItemsLoop TuplesJoin TuplesTuple MethodsTuple Exercises

      SetsAccess Set ItemsAdd Set ItemsRemove Set ItemsLoop SetsJoin SetsCopy SetsSet OperatorsSet MethodsSet Exercises

      DictionariesDictionary ExercisesAccess Dictionary ItemsChange Dictionary ItemsAdd Dictionary ItemsRemove Dictionary ItemsDictionary View ObjectsLoop DictionariesCopy DictionariesNested DictionariesDictionary Methods

      ArraysAccess Array ItemsAdd Array ItemsRemove Array ItemsLoop ArraysCopy ArraysReverse ArraysSort ArraysJoin ArraysArray MethodsArray Exercises

      File HandlingWrite to FileRead FilesRenaming and Deleting FilesDirectoriesFile Methods

      OOP ConceptsDynamic BindingDynamic TypingAbstractionObject and ClassesEncapsulationInterfacesPackagesInner ClassesAnonymous Class and ObjectsSingleton ClassWrapper ClassesEnumsReflectionClass AttributesClass MethodsStatic MethodsConstructorsAccess ModifiersInheritancePolymorphismMethod OverridingMethod Overloading

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      Directories

      Python Tutorial

      This Python tutorial has been written for the beginners to help them understand the basic to advanced concepts of Python Programming Language. After completing this tutorial, you will find yourself at a great level of expertise in Python, from where you can take yourself to the next levels to become a world class Software Engineer.

      Directories

      All files are contained within various directories, and Python has no problem handling these too. The os module has several methods that help you create, remove, and change directories.

      The mkdir() Method

      You can use the mkdir() method of the os module to create directories in the current directory. You need to supply an argument to this method, which contains the name of the directory to be created.

      Syntax

      os.mkdir("newdir")

      Example

      Following is an example to create a directory test in the current directory
      #!/usr/bin/python3
      import os
      
      # Create a directory "test"
      os.mkdir("test")

      The chdir() Method

      You can use the chdir() method to change the current directory. The chdir() method takes an argument, which is the name of the directory that you want to make the current directory.

      Syntax

      os.chdir("newdir")

      Example

      Following is an example to go into "/home/newdir" directory 
      import os
      
      # Changing a directory to "/home/newdir"
      os.chdir("/home/newdir")

      The getcwd() Method

      The getcwd() method displays the current working directory.

      Syntax

      os.getcwd()

      Example

      Following is an example to give current directory
      #!/usr/bin/python3
      import os
      
      # This would give location of the current directory
      os.getcwd()

      The rmdir() Method

      The rmdir() method deletes the directory, which is passed as an argument in the method.
      Before removing a directory, all the contents in it should be removed.

      Syntax

      os.rmdir('dirname')

      Example

      Following is an example to remove the "/tmp/test" directory. It is required to give fully qualified name of the directory, otherwise it would search for that directory in the current directory.
      #!/usr/bin/python3
      import os
      
      # This would remove "/tmp/test" directory.
      os.rmdir( "/tmp/test" )

      Practice with Online Editor

      Note: This Python online Editor is a Python interpreter written in Rust, RustPython may not fully support all Python standard libraries and third-party libraries yet.
      Remember to save code(Ctrl + S Or Command + S) before run it.